The Johari Window Theory Philosophy Essay

The Johari Window Theory Philosophy Essay For the main window which is open self, DeVito claims that individuals know something about us and we likewise definitely think about oueselves. For example, the fundamental insights concerning ourselves preferred our age, name, the shade of hair, sex, perspectives, sentiments, inspiration, political and religion. At the point when we meeting another companion, we would reveal to him the essential about ourselves, for example, our name, where we live and where we were from. The open self will be more broaden when the individuals we communicate with can cause us to feel good and shut to us. The relationship with our folks and closest companions can be one of the models. Correspondence turns out to be more terrible if our open self getting littler. It implies that on the off chance that we are excessively mysterious to other people, it is hard to convey and we are most likely having social cooperation issues. It really is ideal on the off chance that we have an enormous open self. Being an open self individual, others used to be increasingly comfortable with us and it is an excellent point to understudies to have a huge open self as working in bunches is normal between understudies. By rehearsing the open self more in future, we can essentially acknowledge others perspectives and recognitions about us whether it is negative or positive. The individuals who have a huge open self will get all the more impressive situation in exchange and the rate to be abused is less. (Straker, 2012) The subsequent window, the visually impaired self, is simply the contrary window to the open. In this window, DeVito (1994) contended that individuals ordinarily know certain things about us that we don't think about it. It very well may be identified with some data about us, for example, the way we protection ourselves or battle methodologies. In model, we will in general play with our fingers when we getting apprehensive or we decide to keep peacefully when we blow up with somebody. A few people who have an extremely outsized visually impaired self appears to overlook their own flaws. A few people say that they have a deep understanding of themselves and saying that they can clearly take out the visually impaired self window. We can never dispose of the visually impaired region yet it generally there. By and by, the correspondence will be troublesome with it presence. We tend to be individuals who don't think about what the others think about us on the off chance that we have a huge visually impaired self. We do conceal certain things about ourselves however just in a little tally. Individuals around us tend to named us as innocuous individual since they know certain things that we don't understand it preferred our shortcoming focuses. On the off chance that it is occur, individuals can undoubtedly exploit our naivety. Now and again we can be forceful which will cause to detested and dreaded. For example, we may have a malodorous mouth or we may have a terrible scent body that makes individuals remain a good ways from us. Individuals won't educate us concerning these on the grounds that it will cause misjudged or misguided judgment in a relationship. Also, indeed, it is hard to make a genuinely admission about the visually impaired self window. (Straker, 2012) The third window is concealed self. Generally, DeVito (2011) said that this window speaking to some data that you know yet the others don't think about it. This part contains each mystery that you effectively kept from others. Around there, there are two sorts of gatherings which are the over disclosers and the under disclosers. The over disclosers wouldn't fret to share every one of their insider facts about themselves or others. They will tell us about their family ancestry, dim sides, bank card passwords and everything else. While the contrary energies side, the under disclosers, they keep everything covered up. They won't educate anything concerning them in each discussion they have made despite the fact that with somebody who is shut to. By having an enormous size of the third window, individuals may state that we tend to showed up separation and cryptic to other people. Much the same as the subsequent window, we will in general stand up less about us in the event that we are in the under discloser gathering. We might be an individual who not effectively confides in individuals in a brief period. We do set aside effort to manufacture a trust. While having a discussion, we may give less consideration to others since we are excessively apprehensive on the off chance that we may slip our tongue when we talking. Our inner-directedness is the primary driver that has driven us to withdraw the world with doubt and mindfulness. It is an alternate thing when we go to the subsequent gathering, the over discloser. This gathering might be named as a gathering of individuals who not a decent individual in keeping mysteries. They have no uncertainty to enlighten the others regarding our past, our clouded side and numerous things t hat we should keep it. As a result of it, it will make individuals barely to place an exclusive requirement in keeping insider facts. (Straker, 2012) The last spot of the Johari Window hypothesis that DeVito (2011) had referenced is simply the obscure which is nobody think about the self neither ourselves nor others recognize it. It covered up in our inner mind or by certain methods is we would get away from notice on it that may stay an unrevealed. It very well may be found by trance, different projective tests or dreams. The disclosure likewise should be possible through legitimate and insistent relationship. Our association with family, companions and darlings can be utilized as models as they are the most believed individual in our life and they trust us back. It is a proficient technique to pick up understanding. Individuals may think we are puzzling individual on the off chance that we are having an extraordinary size of the obscure self. We might be appeared as though a forlorn and lonely individual however we are not a modest individual. The concealed things may comprise of both great and terrible things that unrealistic to found it if this window experience the other window, the open self, the visually impaired self or the shrouded self window. (Straker, 2012) Related with Johari Window, DeVito (2011) reason that every individual window will be fluctuate as one self grows, at least one of the different selves contract. As per Charless Horton Cooleys (1922) idea of the mirror self, when you need to find, say, how inviting or how self-assured you will be, you would take a gander at the picture of yourself that others uncover to you through the manner in which they treat you and respond to you (Hensley, 1996). Youd look particularly to the individuals who are generally huge in your life. As a youngster, youd look to your folks and afterward to your educators. As a grown-up, you may look to your companions, sentimental accomplices and partners at work. In the event that these significant others appreciate yourself reflected in their practices; on the off chance that they barely care about you, youll see a progressively negative picture. (DeVito, 2011) By envisioning this model as speaking to yourself, it will develop our self-improvement either to positive or negative. Henceforth, our self-idea, mindfulness and confidence will be expanded in future.

Leonardo Da Vinci one of the greatest artists pertold in history. He created several tremendous and infamous art pieces including The Mona Lisa. This was only one of his several extradinary works.

Leonardo Da Vinci probably the best craftsman pertold ever. He made a few enormous and scandalous craftsmanship pieces including The Mona Lisa. This was just one of his few extradinary works. Leonardo Da Vinci was conceived in 1452 on his dad's home in Vinci, Italy. He got his instruction on the bequest until the age of fifteen. Which is the point at which his dad had seen Leonardo's latent capacity and had chosen to send him to be an understudy to the craftsman Andrea del Verrocchio in Florence. There he examined form and the mechanical expressions. This was additionally when he originally built up an enthusiasm for life structures. In 1472 Leonardo was acknowledged into the painters' organization at Florence, where he stayed for the following ten years. In 1482, Leonardo was employed by the duke of Milan, Ludovico Sforza, to be craftsman and designer in home. During his stay in Milan, he began to make a brought together hypothesis out of the world and to delineate it in a progression of voluminous scratch pad. Tragically because of his quest for logical information he needed to leave a significant number of his imaginative manifestations unfinished.Vitruvian Man by Leon ardo da Vinci, Galleria dell'...He remained in Milan for a long time. There he finished six artistic creations: two representations of the 'Last Supper', two forms of 'The Virgin of the Rocks', and a beautifying roof painting in the Castello Sforzesco. Different works of art were either incomplete or have vanished. In the mid 1500's, Leonardo come back to his home city. In Florence, he was authorized to do various artistic creations, however different interests and errands shielded him from completing them. The most notable piece to make due from this timespan was the acclaimed Mona Lisa, which is presently in the Louver in Paris. For ten months during 1502, Leonardo filled in as military guide and designer. During the years 1513 to 1516, Leonardo was in Rome at the greeting of Cardinal Giuliano de' Medici, sibling of Pope Leo X. Probably the best specialists of the time were grinding away in Rome for...

Spider-Man the imagination of Stan Lee - Free Essay Example

This week we lost a legend, an amazing storyteller who taught us a thing or two about thinking outside the box. Stan Lee was the father of the Marvel Comics, he personified a superhero for many burgeoning writers and inspired us to look for greatness within. Even though he created superheroes, he made them flawed so humans could relate to them. Granted that part of his success is due to the amazing artists that collaborated with him in making this universe come to life, he brought it upon himself to create these well-rounded characters with personality traits, original dialogue, dreams, and frustrations. Decades ago, these comic books or graphic novels appealed to the loners, the introverts, to the outcasts, people who seemed to have lost their purpose in lifebut Stan Lee taught us to search for our inner strength to use it for the greater good. In a pre-recorded interview with Forbes magazine published shortly after his death, Stan Lee discussed his life and career. He mentioned how reading was a detrimental factor in his life and how his mother was a mentor. My mother used to say, when I was having lunch or dinner at home, if I didnt have a book to read, Id be reading the label on the Ketchup bottle. In fact, one of the gifts that I got one Christmas, my mother bought me a little metal stand that you could put a book on so while youre eating, you could be reading the book, he recalls. So Stanley Martin Lieber, also known as Stan Lee grew up reading the All-American classics such as the Hardy Boys, Don Sturdy, and the adventures of Tom Swift. For him, Emile Zola, Charles Dickens, and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle greatly impressed him and his writing. He was amazed at how distinct each character was and how each one had a voice that was easily recognizable just from reading the dialogue. That leaked into his way of writing, creating characters who were filled with angst or turmoil, breaking away from stereotypes and emphasizing values such as honor, loyalty, justice, bravery in the midst of it all. In the end, Stan Lee created relatable characters that reached their peak in this technology-driven age, when everyone feels like an outcast or an introvert. He reminded the readers and viewers to be the hero of their own story and that message has reverberated on to a lot of youths in recent times that have been able to appreciate his creations under a new light, Marvel Studios, in the big screen. While comic books were frowned upon when he was growing up, he ventured into that world and struck gold creating a universe that appealed to the masses. Nowadays, in this fast-paced, ever-changing, mobile ecosystem, people are quick to judge others who arent mainstream, who dont follow the norms or play by the rules: some try to degrade a hobby for lack of understanding; a lot of people are dismissive of comic books because theyre not suitable for adults; and many people overlook the power that adjectives, and to that end, words, can have. Stan Lee made sure his superheroes were flawed, but that didnt stop them from being great. He even made it a case in point to include adjectives in their title that would reinforce what made them stand out, what made them unique. The world can be an ugly place if you look at it half empty, and without imagination, its even gloomier than expected. We may have lost a great storyteller but his legacy continues. If theres one thing that we can learn from Stan Lee its to pursue our passion, regardless of what anyone has to say about it. Whatever makes us stand out from the rest, be it a skill, a trait, a hobby, a sportis what makes us special, and if we put our heart into it, along with our mind and taking into account the greater good, we should be alright. Lets encourage children to think outside the box, and to lead by example by being the best version of ourselves we can be!

Hussain Surname Meaning and Family History

The surname Hussain originated from the Arabic personal name, Husayn, derived from the Arabic hasuna, meaning to be good or to be handsome or beautiful. Hasan, for which Hussain is a derivative, was the son of Ali and the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. Surname Origin:  Muslim Alternate Surname Spellings:  HUSAIN, HASAN, HUSAYN, HUSSEIN, HUSEIN, HUSAYIN, HUSSAYIN, HUSEYIN, HUSSEYIN, HUSEYN, HOSSAIN, HOSEIN, HOSSEIN, HUSSEYN   Famous People with the Hussain Surname Maqbool Fida (M. F.) Husain:  Indian painterRobert Hossein: French actor and directorSaddam Hussein: former dictator of IraqHussein bin Talal: King of Jordan from 1952–1999 Where Is the Surname HUSSAIN Most Common? According to surname distribution data from Forebears, Hussain is the 88th most common surname in the world, found most prevalently in Pakistan where over 3.2 million people bear the name and it ranks #2. Hussain is also the 2nd most common surname in the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait, 3rd in Saudi Arabia, 4th in Quatar and 5th in Bahrain. WorldNames PublicProfiler, which does not include data from Pakistan, indicates that Hussain is also fairly common in the United Kingdom, especially in the English region of Yorkshire and Humberside, as well as in Oslo, Norway. Genealogy Resources for the Surname HUSSAIN Contrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Hussain  family crest or coat of arms for the Hussain surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted. FamilySearch - HUSSAIN  Genealogy: Explore over 370,000  historical records which mention individuals with the Hussain surname, as well as online Hussain family trees on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.Family Tree DNA Discovers Y-DNA Signature That Might Represent the Prophet Mohammed: An article in the  TheNational  highlights DNA testing of the male descendants of Mohammeds  daughter Fatima through her two sons,  Hassan and Hussein.  GeneaNet - Hussain  Records: GeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Hussain  surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. Resources and Further Reading Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967.Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998.Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003.Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989.Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003.Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997.Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Evaluating the View that Poverty is Caused by Economic...

Evaluating the View that Poverty is Caused by Economic Inequality Rather than Cultural Attitudes and Lifestyles There is much debate in sociology that poverty is caused by structural factors such as economic inequality and those who state that it is caused by cultural factors such as attitudes, values and lifestyles. The first group say that the poor are made to be poor by the economic and political systems, they state that the poor are prevented from achieving a good standard of living by the actions of the more powerful in society and that those with the least power are poor. In contrast, the second group say that the poor cause their own poverty and that this poverty is a result of some individual†¦show more content†¦He said that poverty will only be tackled effectively by radical state policies which redistribute resources from rich to poor and by investment of state money in education. Townsend stated that state intervention it is argued can change the system of social inequality. His Weberian view sees a number of powerful groups who gain rewards at the expense of others and he argued that the state can alter this as an independent force. However, Townsend is often criticised by the Marxists as they argue that the state is an instrument of capitalists and will therefore only represent their interests. Marxists argue that poverty is caused deliberately by the economic system and that money is the motivation for work. They state that the unequal monetary rewards motivate workers to compete for higher wages and that capitalism requires highly motivated workers. One sociologist, Jack Kincaid stated that the low wage sector is an inevitable feature of capitalist society and that it benefits the employer in many ways. It creates a reserve army of labour, it divides the working class (therefore there is no united working class which could threaten to overthrow the bourgeois and it drives down benefit levels and thus increases theShow MoreRelatedCorruption and Globalisation Essay5195 Words   |  21 Pageschannel for the biggest problems in the world with 52% saying the US and globalisation. (BBC NEWS, 2004) Why is there so much attention nowadays on corruption? Did people ignore corruption in the past? Or is it because there is more corruption than in the past? Some of the main reasons could be: - As countries trade more with each other, fair trade is expected and unfair business or political practices are being paid more attention. - The media is reporting much more about corruptionRead MoreBusiness Opportunities14520 Words   |  59 PagesKirznerian entrepreneur is considered to be a discoverer of opportunities, which are found in the environment because they arise from market disequilibria. This form of entrepreneurship is considered to be non-novel and not a major contributor to national economic well-being. The sources for Schumpeterian opportunities have been so well-studied that the field has a typology for them. Schumpeterian opportunities can be found in technological changes, political/regulatory changes and socio-demographic changesRead MoreSociology Essay20437 Words   |  82 Pagesthat the question is worth two marks, so only a short explanation of approximately one to two sentences is required. Refer to pages 24–25 in Unit 1.2 as well as textbook, pages 59–60. The term ‘expressive role’ is associated with the functionalist view of the nuclear family whereby it is argued that women are more suited to a nurturing or caring role—that is, women look after the emotional needs of the family. (b) Identify and brieï ¬â€šy explain Parsons’ two functions of the nuclear family. (4 marks) Read MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesand provides an advanced introduction to the heterogeneous study of organizations, including chapters on phenomenology, critical theory and psychoanalysis. Like all good textbooks, the book is accessible, well researched and readers are encouraged to view chapters as a starting point for getting to grips with the field of organization theory. Dr Martin Brigham, Lancaster University, UK McAuley et al. provide a highly readable account of ideas, perspectives and practices of organization. By thoroughlyRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pages4 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 Learning objectives Introduction: the changing business environment (or the new marketing reality) Analysing the environment The nature of the marketing environment The evolution of environmental analysis The political, economic, social and technological environments Coming to terms with the industry and market breakpoints Coming to terms with the very different future: the implications for marketing planning Approaches to environmental analysis and scanning Summary 5Read MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages2011038674 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 10: 0-13-283487-1 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-283487-2 Brief Contents Preface xxii 1 2 Introduction 1 What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Individual 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Diversity in Organizations 39 Attitudes and Job Satisfaction 69 Emotions and Moods 97 Personality and Values 131 Perception and Individual Decision Making 165 Motivation Concepts 201 Motivation: From Concepts to Applications 239 3 The Group 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Foundations of GroupRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesyou your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced student user Ask your local representative for details! Collaborate with your colleagues, find a mentor, attend virtual and live events, and view resources www.WhereFacultyConnect.com Pre-loaded, ready-to-use assignments and presentations www.wiley.com/college/quickstart Technical Support 24/7 FAQs, online chat, and phone support www.wileyplus.com/support Your WileyPLUS Account ManagerRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesSelf-Awareness 57 The Enigma of Self-Awareness 58 The Sensitive Line 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 ThroughRead MoreLeadership for Health and Social Care and Children65584 Words   |  263 Pages228 231 233 Support individuals with multiple conditions and/or disabilities (SS 5.6) 236 Support children s speech, language and communication (EYMP5) 239 Understand the needs of children and young people who are vulnerable and experiencing poverty and disadvantage (CYPOP 17) 243 Providing Independent Mental Capacity Advocacy (ADV 305) 246 Independent Mental Health Advocacy (ADV 306) 253 Providing Independent Advocacy Management (ADV 307) 259 Providing Independent Advocacy to adults (ADV 308)266

Business Strategy Management Alois Hofbauer Personal Values

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Strategy Managementfor Alois Hofbauer Personal Values. Answer: Alois Hofbauer Personal Values and Belief for Business Success: Over the last 150 years, Nestle as a brand with nutrition, wellbeing and wellness has thrived from small home-grown brand in Switzerland by transforming itself into worlds leading Food and beverage company. It has existence in more than 150 countries across the globe. Alois Hofbauer is Nestle Malaysian Managing Director and regional head of Nestle Malaysia, Singapore Brunei. Alois Hofbauer believed that he was clear right from the start that the company has a value of 150 years and could grow its business to expand outside the territories of Switzerland. Hofbauer guided the company by setting basic principles and values. This is based on the democratic traditions of Swiss society and contained pragmatic values that were no-nonsense approach towards business (Bee et al. 2015, pp. 313-325). He believed that his business policies and management principles would help in expanding the company globally by bringing diversified business ideas. Hofbauer asserts that with over 20 years of his career at Nestle in Asia, Hong Kong, China and Malaysia he had deep understanding of the consumer and business landscape in the Asian region. According to Hofbauer, Nestle business success story in the Asian regions started over 100 years ago however, with the introduction of products like Milo it helped in meeting up with the consumer expectation of delicious nutrition. Hofbauer explained that Nestle international business success largely depended upon the business ideas, which introduced a philosophical success of creating shared values and believed it as the foundation of conducting business. Hofbauer further stated that When Nestle originally introduced the concept of creating shared values, a Harvard business school confirmed that the company already knew business from its several years of success (Sethi 2012). He asserted that businesses that have created value for their shareholders and society create much higher chances of gaining long-run success. Hofbauer strongly asserted that he not only believed in adding values to the shareholders but also believed in adding value to the society and other key stakeholders. Hofbauer added that strong corporate governance values of the organisation would help in ensuring the livelihood of both the rural and urban communities (Kruschwitz 2013, p.1). Hofbauer says that good governance is mandatory criteria, not just, because Nestle is a public listed company but it also responsible to its other company in abiding its business principles. He further stated that one could not maintain a successful business within a society or a country without completely respecting the rules and regulations of the country as abiding by such rules and regulations helps in adding real value to the business. Hofbauer says that these policies are of highest standards and the company follows this process to conduct its business and hold itself responsible. Hofbauer goes one step further in stating that the authorities in Food and Beverage industry of Nestle ensures that the company adhere to its guidelines which will enable them to attain future growth in becoming the global leader. He further stated that in order to develop fast emerging market he provided guidance for business success by building talent pool for future. Success for Nestle is the quality and foresight of the education systems for the long-run of the business (Harmon 2014). He believed that for a leader to advance his company he should ensure that his team is completely equipped with the necessary capabilities. Hofbauer says that human capital is one of the scarcest factors of business and as a leader, he ensures that his team is entirely equipped with the necessary skills. He adds that this is one of the main reasons leading to Nestls outstanding growth as currently the company is exporting in more than fifty countries. Hofbaur asserts that he implements strictest available rules to comply with the business rules and regulations. Hofbauer pointed out that on being appointed as the managing director he went to the hypermarket of Penang and to notice that few shoppers did not opted for products made by Nestle and realised that the local competitors were making into the consumer market where Nestle competes. He sat down with other authorities and jumped into the action to engage with Nestls employees to assess the trends in understanding the volume of goods Nestle sold. Hofbauer and his authorities received more than fifty thousand proposal, which contained suggestions on improving the performance of the company (London and Hart 2012). He implemented several suggestions made by the employees, which helped in reducing the machinery breakdown. This ultimate ly helped in improving the efficiency of the machinery, which in due course contributed to RM1million savings annually. Reference List: Bee, J., Diby, P., Mback, B. and Wettstein, B., 2015. Nestl: Sustainable Value Chain Management from the Farm to the Fork. InSustainable Value Chain Management(pp. 313-325). Springer International Publishing. Bradley, A., 2014. At work travel safety: the nestle global case study.Journal of Supply Chain Management,8(2). Harmon, P., 2014.Business process change: a business process management guide for managers and process professionals. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.. Kruschwitz, N., 2013. Creating shared value at Nestle.MIT Sloan Management Review,55(1), p.1. London, T. and Hart, S.L., 2012.Next generation business strategies for the base of the pyramid: New approaches for building mutual value. Pearson Education India. Sethi, S.P., 2012.Multinational corporations and the impact of public advocacy on corporate strategy: Nestle and the infant formula controversy(Vol. 6). Springer Science Business Media.

The Effects Of Violence In Media On Society Today Essays

The Effects of Violence in Media on Society Today Refinance now homeowner even if you have bad credit. 185 loc The Effects of Violence in Media on Society Today Is societies violence the media's fault? This is the question that has been asked since before television was in every American's house. Of course there are the different types of media today ranging from newspapers, to on-line reports and stories. There have been arguments upon arguments about this issue, and over 3,000 studies conducted. Unfortunately there isn't one single result, there is only an array of supposed answers to this undying question. CBS president, Howard Stringer is pointing to a different scapegoat for society's violence. "I come from a country ... that puts a lot of American movies on and has more graphic violence within it's live drama on the BBC than anywhere else, and there is a lot less violence in the United Kingdom than there is here. There are 200 million guns in America, and that has a lot to do with violence." He feels it has to do with gun control, which others have suggested. But there are so many violent acts, that one can't focus on the guns, just like one can't focus on the media. David Phillips, one of the men we discuss later put it perfectly, "It's like watching rain fall on a pond and trying to figure out which drop causes which ripple." There have been many studies conducted on the effects of violence on children, and on the effects on society as a whole. There have been about 3,000 studies performed on this topic. Two of the most prolific studies were the UCLA Television Violence Monitoring Report, and the Mediascope, Inc. test sponsored by the National Cable Television Association. Of course there were many other studies done, but these made headlines because of their results. The UCLA study focused on all of the television media, and discovered some interesting facts from their study. Prime Time Series raised the least concern. Theatrical films raised more concern and had a lot more violence. The Saturday morning cartoons had mixed reviews. 23% of the cartoons raised concern, but that was only rating the most popular cartoons: Mighty Morphin Power Rangers, X-Men, etc. They termed the action in cartoons as "Sinister Combat Violence" which basically means the whole story line leads to violence. Mediascope, Inc. focused on the amount and context on cable, effectiveness of rating systems and parental advisories, and the success of anti-violent messages. They found that perpetrators go unpunished in 73% of all violent scenes, one out of four violent interactions involved the use of handguns, and premium cable channels present the highest percentage of violent programs (85%). There was more to their findings, but these were the more prevalent findings. University of Michigan psychologists Dr. Leonard Eron and Dr. Rowell Huesmann conducted a study, which continued for decades. This was conducted beginning in 1960. They took 800 eight-year-olds and found that children who watched many hours of violent television tended to be more aggressive in the playground and the classroom. They checked back with these kids 11 and 22 years later. They found the aggressive eight-year-olds grew up to become even more aggressive. They testified before congress in 1992 stating, "Television violence affects youngsters of all ages, of both genders, at all socioeconomic levels and all levels of intelligence. The effect is not limited to children who are already disposed to being aggressive and is not restricted to this country." David Phillips, a scientist at the University of California in San Diego conducted a study on prizefights on television. He thought of this topic, because he felt there wasn't enough research being conducted on the copycat violence. He found that after prize fights on television, there would be about a 10 percent increase in murders for a few days afterwards. He quoted, "It also seems to be the case that the kind of person killed just after the prizefight is similar to the person beaten in the prize fight." There are four major theories of television violence. The "arousal" theory, the "social learning" theory, the "disinhibition hypothesis," and the "catharsis hypothesis." These four hypothesis/theories are old and new conclusions to the question at hand. It is notable to see that some of these theories were stated as early as 1961. Most would have to disagree with these theories just because of the age of their births, but to most people's surprise they still hold in the 21st century. The arousal theory is basically self-explanatory. This was theorized by P.H. Tannenbaum in 1975. He said exposure